“Bad” LDL cholesterol: what it is, risks and normal values
LDL cholesterol, also known as ‘bad’ cholesterol, is a major cause of concern when it comes to cardiovascular health. What are the risks associated with high levels and what are the normal values to maintain for good health?
What LDL cholesterol is
LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol is one of the two main types of cholesterol in the blood. LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to cells, where it is used for several vital functions. However, if blood levels of LDL become too high, cholesterol can build up in the arteries, forming plaques that can block blood flow.
Difference between LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol
While low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are often called “bad” cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are called “good” cholesterol because they help remove cholesterol from arteries and return it to the liver, where it is removed from the body.
Risks associated with high LDL cholesterol
High LDL cholesterol is a significant risk factor for several health conditions, including:
- cardiovascular diseases: the accumulation of plaques in the arteries can lead to diseases such as atherosclerosis, which can cause heart attacks and strokes;
- metabolic syndrome: a set of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes;
- vascular problems: clogging of the arteries can lead to circulation problems and peripheral vascular disease.
Normal LDL cholesterol
Maintaining LDL-cholesterol levels within the recommended limits is essential to prevent the risks mentioned above. Optimal values vary depending on age, sex and overall health, but generally:
- below 70 mg/dL: optimal for patients at high cardiovascular risk;
- below 100 mg/dL: ideal for those at medium risk;
- 100-129 mg/dL: optimal values in healthy people without risk factors;
- 130-159 mg/dL: values considered borderline;
- 160-189 mg/dL: elevated;
- over 190 mg/dL: very high.
How to maintain optimal LDL levels
To maintain optimal LDL values, it is important to live a healthy lifestyle. It is important to reduce consumption of saturated fat and increase fibre intake. Chitosan–based foods can help reduce cholesterol absorption. Regular exercise also helps improve cholesterol levels and overall cardiovascular health.
Some supplements, such as Lipiban, can help keep cholesterol levels under control. Lipiban is a patented dietary supplement made from polyglucosamine and vitamin C. It is designed to help lower cholesterol and protect cells from oxidative stress. In addition, polyglucosamine, derived from crustacean chitin, turns into a gel in the stomach that traps lipids and reduces intestinal absorption.
When to measure LDL cholesterol
It is recommended to start measuring LDL cholesterol levels at an early age, especially if there are risk factors such as a family history of cardiovascular disease. Regular measurements allow you to monitor cardiovascular health and intervene promptly if cholesterol levels start to rise.
LDL cholesterol, although necessary in moderate amounts, can become a serious health problem if blood levels are too high. Knowing your LDL levels, living a healthy lifestyle, and following medical advice can help keep LDL cholesterol under control and prevent serious health problems.