Focus

Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels induce alteration of the vascular structures and functions through inflammation, cell proliferation and migration, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix alteration. Several experimental evidences support the presence of an oxidative stress component in hypertension and atherosclerotic diseases. Indeed, a tight connection between oxidative stress and endothelial disfunction has been observed in hypertensive subjects.

Living organisms developed complex antioxidant mechanisms to protect themselves from potential damage of oxidizing species, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), and almost all organisms control free radical levels by a fine equilibrium, namely RedOx balance. The harmful effects of elevated ROS levels can be counteracted by several antioxidant enzymes and substances.

Nutrition covers a key role in human health and the concepts of food and diet have largely evolved over human history. Nutrition was originally characterized by food availability and represented mostly an action to address basic nutritional needs and ensure individual survival. Nowadays, nutrition has largely evolved from such basic concepts. 

Oxidative Stress (OS) is a condition due to unbalanced RedOx state of the organism, and several high impact factor journals (Nature Review, Science and Science Translational Medicine) reported comprehensive reviews about the pathophysiological role of RedOx signalling in central homeostatic mechanisms at different levels.

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